Investigation on thin-layer drying kinetics of sprouted wheat in a tray dryer
Main Article Content
Keywords
sprouted wheat, mathematical modeling, drying characteristics, effective moisture diffusivity, activation energy
Abstract
The thin-layer drying behavior of sprouted wheat (cv. PBW 550) was experimented at different drying periods, such as 24 h, 36 h and 48 h. The samples were dried in a tray dryer at 50–80οC at an interval of 10°C. The moisture ratio was fitted to the six thin-layer drying models, and the performance of the models was assessed by statistical parameters. The Wang and Singh model has accurately predicted the drying behavior of sprouted wheat for all sprouting periods and drying temperatures. In addition, the effective moisture diffusivity of grain sprouts at three drying periods (24 h, 36 h and 48 h) of sprouted wheat was increased from 1.79 × 10-9 to 2.58 × 10-9 m2 s-1, 1.921 × 10-9 to 2.781 × 10-9 m2 s-1 and 1.858 × 10-9 to 2.561 × 10-9 m2 s-1 with increase in drying temperature from 50oC to 80oC. Moreover, at the above-stated drying periods, the activation energy for sprouted wheat was 11.357 kJ mol-1, 11.428 kJ mol-1 and 9.427 kJ mol-1, respectively. Therefore, thin-layer drying of sprouted wheat was successfully simulated between 50°C and 80°C for various drying periods. This study provided imperative information to understand the drying behavior and relationship between various drying parameters of sprouted grains that could produce nutritive functional flour.
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Demiray, E. and Tulek, Y., 2012. Thin-layer drying of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. cv. Rio grande) slices in a convective hot air dryer. Heat and Mass Transfer/Waerme–Und Stoffuebertragung 48(5): 841–847. 10.1007/s00231-011-0942-1
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Faltermaier, A., Zarnkow, M., Becker, T., Gastl, M. and Arendt, E.K., 2015. Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): evaluating microstructural changes during the malting process by using confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. European Food Research and Technology 241(2): 239–252. 10.1007/s00217-015-2450-x
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Felizardo, M.P., Merlo, G.R.F. and Maia, G.D., 2021. Modeling drying kinetics of Jacaranda mimosifolia seeds with variable effective diffusivity via diffusion model. Biosystems Engineering 205: 234–245. 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.03.008
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Ghasemi, J., Moradi, M., Karparvarfard, S.H., Golmakani, M.T. and Khaneghah, A.M., 2021. Thin layer drying kinetics of lemon verbena leaves: a quality assessment and mathematical modeling. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops and Foods 13(1): 59–72. 10.15586/qas.v13i1.835
Hemis, M., Singh, C.B. and Jayas, D.S., 2011. Microwave-assisted thin layer drying of wheat. Drying Technology 29(10): 1240–1247. 10.1080/07373937.2011.584999
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Hosain, M., Haque, R., Islam, M.N., Khatun, H. and Shams-Ud-Din, M., 2016. Effect of temperature and loading density on drying kinetics of wheat. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 4(2): 210–217. 10.18006/2016.4(2).210.217
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