Consumers’ response to different shelf life food labelling
Main Article Content
Keywords
food labelling, food waste, best before date (BBD), use-by dates (UBD), healthy food
Abstract
Respondents’ perception about the possible changes of best before date (BBD) to the date of the highest quality was the main aim of the survey. The survey consisted out of 1,107 respondents who were grouped according to their demographic characteristics and food labelling preferences. The results of the survey are indicating high acceptance rate towards new labelling, but without clear connection with their preferences. Another aspect of the research emphasised the respondents’ perception towards the price of healthier food commodities and revealed that education level has high impact ( P < 0.05) on their opinion and considerations. The survey gave important answers on possibility of changes of food labelling by which it would be affected food waste quantities. Certainly, each food type shelf life should be checked and labelled according to food perishability and consumers safeness. The changing of the BBD to the date of the highest quality according to our survey would be broadly accepted among all socio-demographic groups.
References
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Andrieu, E., Darmon, N. and Drewnowski, A. 2006. Low-cost diets: more energy, fewer nutrients. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60(3): 434. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602331
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Appelhans, B.M., Milliron, B.J., Woolf, K., Johnson, T.J., Pagoto, S.L., Schneider, K.L. and Ventrelle, J.C., 2012. Socioeconomic status, energy cost, and nutrient content of supermarket food purchases. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 42(4): 398–402. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.12.007
Bawa, K. and Ghosh, A., 1999. A model of household grocery shopping behavior. Marketing Letters 10(2): 149–160. https://doi. org/10.1023/A:1008093014534
Beydoun, M.A. and Wang, Y., 2008. Do nutrition knowledge and beliefs modify the association of socio-economic factors and diet quality among US adults? Preventive Medicine 46(2): 145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.016
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Caine-Bish, N.L. and Scheule, B., 2009. Gender differences in food preferences of school-aged children and adolescents. Journal of School Health 79(11): 532–540. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00445.x
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Cooke, L.J. and Wardle, J., 2005. Age and gender differences in children’s food preferences. British Journal of Nutrition 93(5): 741– 746. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051389
Darin-Mattsson, A., Fors, S. and Kåreholt, I., 2017. Different indicators of socioeconomic status and their relative importance as determinants of health in old age. International Journal for Equity in Health 16(1): 173. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-017-0670-3
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Deliens, T., Clarys, P., De Bourdeaudhuij, I. and Deforche, B., 2014. Determinants of eating behaviour in university students: a qualitative study using focus group discussions. BMC Public Health 14(1): 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-53
Drewnowski, A. and Darmon, N., 2005. Food choices and diet costs: an economic analysis. The Journal of Nutrition 135(4): 900–904. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/135.4.900
Food Standards Agency (FSA), 2018. Best before and use-by date. Available at: https://www.food.gov.uk/safety-hygiene/ best-before-and-use-by-dates.
Gregori, D., Ballali, S., Vögele, C., Gafare, C.E., Stefanini, G. and Widhalm, K., 2014. Evaluating food front-of-pack labelling: a pan-European survey on consumers’ attitudes toward food label-ling. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 65(2): 177–186. https://doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2013.854743
Grunert, K.G., Wills, J.M. and Fernández-Celemín, L., 2010. Nutrition knowledge, and use and understanding of nutrition information on food labels among consumers in the UK. Appetite 55(2): 177–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. appet.2010.05.045
Harrison, M., Lee, A., Findlay, M., Nicholls, R., Leonard, D. and Martin, C., 2010. The increasing cost of healthy food. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 34(2): 179–186. https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00504.x
Hassan, H.F. and Dimassi, H., 2017. Usage and understanding of food labels among Lebanese shoppers. International Journal of Consumer Studies 41(5): 570–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ijcs.12368
Hawkes, C. and WHO. Noncommunicable Diseases & Mental Health Cluster, 2004. Nutrition labels and health claims: the global regulatory environment/Corinna Hawkes. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/ handle/10665/42964.
Jetter, K.M. and Cassady, D.L. 2006. The availability and cost of healthier food alternatives. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 30(1): 38–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. amepre.2005.08.039
Kahn, B.E. and Schmittlein, D.C., 1989. Shopping trip behavior: an empirical investigation. Marketing Letters 1(1): 55–69. https:// doi.org/10.1007/BF00436149
Kostakis, I., 2014. The determinants of households’ food consumption in Greece. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics (IJFAEC) 2(2): 17.
Lennernäs, M., Fjellström, C., Becker, W., Giachetti, I., Schmitt, A., De Winter, A.M. and Kearney, M., 1997. Influences on food choice perceived to be important by nationally-representative samples of adults in the European Union. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51: 36–40
Milne, R., 2012. Arbiters of waste: date labels, the consumer and knowing good, safe food. The Sociological Review 60: 84–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-954X.12039
Miyamoto, K., Kawase, F., Imai, T., Sezaki, A. and Shimokata, H., 2019. Dietary diversity and healthy life expectancy—an international comparative study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 73(3): 395. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-018-0270-3
Montagnese, C., Santarpia, L., Buonifacio, M., Nardelli, A., Caldara, A.R., Silvestri, E. and Pasanisi, F., 2015. European food-based dietary guidelines: a comparison and update. Nutrition 31(7–8): 908–915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.01.002
Nakov, G., Ivanova, N., Damyanova, S., Stamatovska, V. and Necinova, L., 2017. Public opinion surveys of consumers for manner of labeling the food product in the Republic of Macedonia. Ukrainian Food Journal 6(1): 154–164. https://doi. org/10.24263/2304-974X-2017-6-1-17
Namin, A. and Dehdashti, Y., 2019. A “hidden” side of consumer grocery shopping choice. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 48: 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.009
National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES, 2019. CDC/National Center for Health Statistics. Available at: https:// www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm.
Pechey, R., Monsivais, P., Ng, Y.L. and Marteau, T.M., 2015. Why don’t poor men eat fruit? Socioeconomic differences in motivations for fruit consumption. Appetite 84: 271–279. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.10.022
Rao, M., Afshin, A., Singh, G. and Mozaffarian, D., 2013. Do healthier foods and diet patterns cost more than less healthy options? A systematic review and meta-analysis. British Medical Journal 3(12): e004277. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004277
Regulation (EU) No 1169/ 2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/ EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commision Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004 (Text with EEA relevance).
Roos, E., Lahelma, E., Virtanen, M., Prättälä, R. and Pietinen, P., 1998. Gender, socioeconomic status and family status as determinants of food behaviour. Social Science & Medicine 46(12):1519–1529. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00032-X
The Waste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP), 2017. Helping consumers reduce food waste, Retail Survey 2015. Final Report. WRAP, Brussels.
Thompson, B., Toma, L., Barnes, A.P. and Revoredo-Giha, C., 2018. The effect of date labels on willingness to consume dairy products: implications for food waste reduction. Waste Management 78: 124–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.05.021
Van Boxstael, S., Devlieghere, F., Berkvens, D., Vermeulen, A. and Uyttendaele, M., 2014. Understanding and attitude regarding the shelf life labels and dates on pre-packed food products by Belgian consumers. Food Control 37: 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. foodcont.2013.08.043
Vemula, S.R., Gavaravarapu, S.M., Mendu, V.V.R., Mathur, P. and Avula, L., 2014. Use of food label information by urban consumers in India—a study among supermarket shoppers. Public Health Nutrition 17(9): 2104–2114. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S1368980013002231
WHO, 2003. Food based dietary guidelines in the WHO European region. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/ diseaseprevention/nutrition/publications/technical-documents/ dietary-recommendations-and-nutritional-requirements/food-based-dietary-guidelines-in-the-who-european-region (last accessed 26 March 2019)
Wilson, N.L., Rickard, B.J., Saputo, R. and Ho, S.T., 2017. Food waste: the role of date labels, package size, and product category. Food Quality and Preference 55: 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. foodqual.2016.08.004
Alibabi?, V., Muji?, I., Rudi?, D., Bajramovi?, M., Joki?, S., Šertovi?, E. and Ru?ni?, A., 2012. Labeling of food products on the B&H market and consumer behavior towards nutrition and health information of the product. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences 46: 973–979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.05.233
Andrieu, E., Darmon, N. and Drewnowski, A. 2006. Low-cost diets: more energy, fewer nutrients. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60(3): 434. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602331
Anthesis, ICF and WRAP, 2018. Market study on date marking and other information provided on food labels and food waste prevention. Directorate-General for Health and Food safety (European Commission), Final Report. WRAP, Brussels. ISBN 978-92-79-73421-2
Appelhans, B.M., Milliron, B.J., Woolf, K., Johnson, T.J., Pagoto, S.L., Schneider, K.L. and Ventrelle, J.C., 2012. Socioeconomic status, energy cost, and nutrient content of supermarket food purchases. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 42(4): 398–402. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2011.12.007
Bawa, K. and Ghosh, A., 1999. A model of household grocery shopping behavior. Marketing Letters 10(2): 149–160. https://doi. org/10.1023/A:1008093014534
Beydoun, M.A. and Wang, Y., 2008. Do nutrition knowledge and beliefs modify the association of socio-economic factors and diet quality among US adults? Preventive Medicine 46(2): 145–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.016
Beydoun, M.A., Powell, L.M. and Wang, Y., 2008. The association of fast food, fruit and vegetable prices with dietary intakes among US adults: is there modification by family income? Social Science & Medicine 66(11): 2218–2229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. socscimed.2008.01.018
Caine-Bish, N.L. and Scheule, B., 2009. Gender differences in food preferences of school-aged children and adolescents. Journal of School Health 79(11): 532–540. https://doi. org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00445.x
Cecchini, M. and Warin, L., 2016. Impact of food labelling systems on food choices and eating behaviours: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies. Obesity Reviews 17(3): 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12364
Cooke, L.J. and Wardle, J., 2005. Age and gender differences in children’s food preferences. British Journal of Nutrition 93(5): 741– 746. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051389
Darin-Mattsson, A., Fors, S. and Kåreholt, I., 2017. Different indicators of socioeconomic status and their relative importance as determinants of health in old age. International Journal for Equity in Health 16(1): 173. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-017-0670-3
Darmon, N. and Drewnowski, A., 2015. Contribution of food prices and diet cost to socioeconomic disparities in diet quality and health: a systematic review and analysis. Nutrition Reviews 73(10): 643–660. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuv027
Deliens, T., Clarys, P., De Bourdeaudhuij, I. and Deforche, B., 2014. Determinants of eating behaviour in university students: a qualitative study using focus group discussions. BMC Public Health 14(1): 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-53
Drewnowski, A. and Darmon, N., 2005. Food choices and diet costs: an economic analysis. The Journal of Nutrition 135(4): 900–904. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/135.4.900
Food Standards Agency (FSA), 2018. Best before and use-by date. Available at: https://www.food.gov.uk/safety-hygiene/ best-before-and-use-by-dates.
Gregori, D., Ballali, S., Vögele, C., Gafare, C.E., Stefanini, G. and Widhalm, K., 2014. Evaluating food front-of-pack labelling: a pan-European survey on consumers’ attitudes toward food label-ling. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 65(2): 177–186. https://doi.org/10.3109/09637486.2013.854743
Grunert, K.G., Wills, J.M. and Fernández-Celemín, L., 2010. Nutrition knowledge, and use and understanding of nutrition information on food labels among consumers in the UK. Appetite 55(2): 177–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. appet.2010.05.045
Harrison, M., Lee, A., Findlay, M., Nicholls, R., Leonard, D. and Martin, C., 2010. The increasing cost of healthy food. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 34(2): 179–186. https:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00504.x
Hassan, H.F. and Dimassi, H., 2017. Usage and understanding of food labels among Lebanese shoppers. International Journal of Consumer Studies 41(5): 570–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ijcs.12368
Hawkes, C. and WHO. Noncommunicable Diseases & Mental Health Cluster, 2004. Nutrition labels and health claims: the global regulatory environment/Corinna Hawkes. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/ handle/10665/42964.
Jetter, K.M. and Cassady, D.L. 2006. The availability and cost of healthier food alternatives. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 30(1): 38–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. amepre.2005.08.039
Kahn, B.E. and Schmittlein, D.C., 1989. Shopping trip behavior: an empirical investigation. Marketing Letters 1(1): 55–69. https:// doi.org/10.1007/BF00436149
Kostakis, I., 2014. The determinants of households’ food consumption in Greece. International Journal of Food and Agricultural Economics (IJFAEC) 2(2): 17.
Lennernäs, M., Fjellström, C., Becker, W., Giachetti, I., Schmitt, A., De Winter, A.M. and Kearney, M., 1997. Influences on food choice perceived to be important by nationally-representative samples of adults in the European Union. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51: 36–40
Milne, R., 2012. Arbiters of waste: date labels, the consumer and knowing good, safe food. The Sociological Review 60: 84–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-954X.12039
Miyamoto, K., Kawase, F., Imai, T., Sezaki, A. and Shimokata, H., 2019. Dietary diversity and healthy life expectancy—an international comparative study. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 73(3): 395. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-018-0270-3
Montagnese, C., Santarpia, L., Buonifacio, M., Nardelli, A., Caldara, A.R., Silvestri, E. and Pasanisi, F., 2015. European food-based dietary guidelines: a comparison and update. Nutrition 31(7–8): 908–915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2015.01.002
Nakov, G., Ivanova, N., Damyanova, S., Stamatovska, V. and Necinova, L., 2017. Public opinion surveys of consumers for manner of labeling the food product in the Republic of Macedonia. Ukrainian Food Journal 6(1): 154–164. https://doi. org/10.24263/2304-974X-2017-6-1-17
Namin, A. and Dehdashti, Y., 2019. A “hidden” side of consumer grocery shopping choice. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 48: 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.01.009
National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES, 2019. CDC/National Center for Health Statistics. Available at: https:// www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes/index.htm.
Pechey, R., Monsivais, P., Ng, Y.L. and Marteau, T.M., 2015. Why don’t poor men eat fruit? Socioeconomic differences in motivations for fruit consumption. Appetite 84: 271–279. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.appet.2014.10.022
Rao, M., Afshin, A., Singh, G. and Mozaffarian, D., 2013. Do healthier foods and diet patterns cost more than less healthy options? A systematic review and meta-analysis. British Medical Journal 3(12): e004277. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2013-004277
Regulation (EU) No 1169/ 2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/ EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commision Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004 (Text with EEA relevance).
Roos, E., Lahelma, E., Virtanen, M., Prättälä, R. and Pietinen, P., 1998. Gender, socioeconomic status and family status as determinants of food behaviour. Social Science & Medicine 46(12):1519–1529. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00032-X
The Waste and Resources Action Programme (WRAP), 2017. Helping consumers reduce food waste, Retail Survey 2015. Final Report. WRAP, Brussels.
Thompson, B., Toma, L., Barnes, A.P. and Revoredo-Giha, C., 2018. The effect of date labels on willingness to consume dairy products: implications for food waste reduction. Waste Management 78: 124–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.05.021
Van Boxstael, S., Devlieghere, F., Berkvens, D., Vermeulen, A. and Uyttendaele, M., 2014. Understanding and attitude regarding the shelf life labels and dates on pre-packed food products by Belgian consumers. Food Control 37: 85–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. foodcont.2013.08.043
Vemula, S.R., Gavaravarapu, S.M., Mendu, V.V.R., Mathur, P. and Avula, L., 2014. Use of food label information by urban consumers in India—a study among supermarket shoppers. Public Health Nutrition 17(9): 2104–2114. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S1368980013002231
WHO, 2003. Food based dietary guidelines in the WHO European region. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/ diseaseprevention/nutrition/publications/technical-documents/ dietary-recommendations-and-nutritional-requirements/food-based-dietary-guidelines-in-the-who-european-region (last accessed 26 March 2019)
Wilson, N.L., Rickard, B.J., Saputo, R. and Ho, S.T., 2017. Food waste: the role of date labels, package size, and product category. Food Quality and Preference 55: 35–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. foodqual.2016.08.004
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