Determination of fomesafen and quizalofop-p-ethyl in beans using modified QuEChERS-HPLC-DAD
Main Article Content
Keywords
fomesafen, quizalofop-p-ethyl, beans, QuEChERS
Abstract
An improved quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to diode array detection was established for the determination of fomesafen and quizalofop-p-ethyl in beans. It is simple and efficient and can be used in most laboratories. This method optimizes four chromatographic conditions, namely, mobile phase, mobile phase ratio, flow rate, and detection wavelength. The effects of extraction agent, extraction dose, extraction time, NaCl amount, and adsorbent on the pretreatment effect were studied. The recoveries were high (92.4–117.8%), and repeatability was good (relative standard deviation [RSD] ranged from 0.35 to 4.36%). The standard solutions ranged from 0.1 to 25 ?g/mL. The detection limits of fomesafen and quizalofop-p-ethyl were 0.005 and 0.003 mg/kg, respectively.
References
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Climent, M.J., Sánchez-Martín, M.J., Rodríguez-Cruz, M.S., Pedreros, P., Urrutia, R. and Herrero-Hernández, E., 2018. Determination of pesticides in river surface waters of Central Chile using SPE-GC-MS multi-residue method. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society 63: 4023–4031. https://doi. org/10.4067/s0717-97072018000204023
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Hu, J., Deng, Z., Liu, C. and Zheng, Z., 2010. Simultaneous analysis of herbicide metribuzin and quizalofop-p-ethyl residues in potato and soil by GC-ECD. Chromatographia 72: 701–706. https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-010-1717-4
Hua, J., Fayyaz, A., Song, H., Tufail, M.R. and Gai, Y., 2019. Development of a method Sin-QuEChERS for the determination of multiple pesticide residues in oilseed samples. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 11: 511–516. https://doi. org/10.3920/QAS2019.1557
Khan, B.A., Farid, A., Asi, M.R., Shah, H. and Badshah, A.K., 2009. Determination of residues of trichlorfon and dimethoate on guava using HPLC. Food Chemistry 114: 286–288. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.08.092
Kinsella, B., Byrne, P., Cantwell, H., McCormack, M., Furey, A. and Danaher, M., 2011. Determination of the new anthelmintic monepantel and its sulfone metabolite in milk and muscle using a UHPLC–MS/MS and QuEChERS method. Journal of Chromatography B 879: 3707–3713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jchromb.2011.10.011
Kruve, A., Künnapas, A., Herodes, K. and Leito, I., 2008. Matrix effects in pesticide multi-residue analysis by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 1187: 58–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.01.077
Lehotay, S.J., 2007. Determination of pesticide residues in foods by acetonitrile extraction and partitioning with magnesium sulfate: collaborative study. Journal of Aoac International 90: 485–520. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/90.2.1SUP
Li, N., Lei, L., Nian, L., Zhang, R., Wu, S., Ren, R., Wang, Y., Zhang, H. and Yu, A., 2013. A modified QuEChERS method for the determination of some herbicides in yogurt and milk by high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta 105: 219–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2012.11.057
Lima, V.G., Campos, V.P., Santana, T.C., Santana, F.O. and Costa, T.A., 2017. Determination of agrochemical multi-residues in grapes. Identification and confirmation by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. Analytical Methods 9: 5880–5889. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7AY01448A
Liu, S., Zheng, Z., Wei, F., Ren, Y., Gui, W., Wu, H. and Zhu, G., 2010. Simultaneous determination of seven neonicotinoid pesticide residues in food by ultraperformance liquid chroma-tography tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58: 271–278. https://doi.org/10.1021/ jf904045j
Liu, Y.H., Chen, P.S. and Huang, S.D., 2017. Determination of diphenylether herbicides in water samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of AOAC International 100: 212–217. https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.16-0078
Lubomirsky, E., Padro, J.M. and Reta, M.R., 2016. Development of a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique for the analysis of aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides in soy-based foods. Microchemical Journal 129: 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. microc.2016.06.015
Mantzos, N., Karakitsou, A., Zioris, I., Leneti, E. and Konstantinou, I., 2013. QuEChERS and solid phase extraction methods for the determination of energy crop pesticides in soil, plant and runoff water matrices. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 93: 1566–1584. https://doi. org/10.1080/03067319.2013.803282
Ocloo, F.C., Okyere, A.A. and Asare, I.K., 2014. Physicochemical, functional and pasting properties of flour produced from gamma irradiated tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.). Radiation Physics and Chemistry 103: 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. radphyschem.2014.05.010
Safarpour, H., Asiaie, R. and Katz, S., 2004. Quantitative analysis of imazamox herbicide in environmental water samples by capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 1036: 217–222. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.002
Shi, X.Z., Sun, A.L., Wang, Q.H., Hengel, M. and Shibamoto, T., 2018. Rapid multi-residue analysis of herbicides with endocrine-disrupting properties in environmental water samples using ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Chromatographia 81: 1071–1083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-018-3530-4
Sikkema, P.H., Shropshire, C. and Soltani, N., 2009. Response of dry bean to preplant incorporated and pre-emergence applications of S-metolachlor and fomesafen. Crop Protection 28: 744–748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.05.011
Stefano, V.D., Avellone, G., Bongiorno, D., Cunsolo, V., Muccilli, V., Sforza, S., Dossenac, A., Drahosd, L. and Vékey, K., 2012. Applications of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for food analysis. Journal of Chromatography A 1259: 74–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.023
Suganthi, A., Nikita, S.A., Kousika, J., Bhuvaneswari, K. and Sridharan, S., 2018. Determination of thiamethoxam residues in banana stem and fruit through LC-MS/MS. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 190: 293. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10661-018-6655-x
Wang, L., Huang, X., Wang, D., Chen, Y., Xu, D. and Zhou, Y., 2015. Determination of 32 sulfonylurea herbicide residues in sweet corns and green soybeans by QuEChERS-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chinese Journal of Chromatography 33: 501–507. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1123.2014.12043
Yadav, R., Bhullar, M.S., Kaur, S., Kaur, T. and Jhala, A.J., 2017. Weed control in conventional soybean with pendimethalin followed by imazethapyr+ imazamox/quizalofop-p-ethyl. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 97: 654–664. https://doi.org/10.1139/ CJPS-2016-0123
Yagüe, C., Bayarri, S., Lázaro, R., Conchello, P., Ariño, A. and Herrera, A., 2001. Multiresidue determination of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in milk by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection after extraction by matrix solid-phase dispersion. Journal of AOAC International 84: 1561–1568. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.5.1561
Zhang, Q., Zhu, L., Wang, J., Xie, H., Wang, J., Han, Y. and Yang, J., 2013. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the earthworm Eisenia fetida induced by low doses of fomesafen. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 20: 201–208. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11356-012-0962-5
Zhao, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, L. and Zhang, D., 2019. Molecular identification of mung bean accessions (Vigna radiata L.) from northeast china using capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence- labeled SSR markers. Food and Energy Security 9: e182. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.182
Abdallah, O.I., Abd El-Hamid, R.M. and Raheem, E.H., 2019. Clothianidin residues in green bean, pepper and watermelon crops and dietary exposure evaluation based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and LC–MS/MS. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety 14: 293–300. https://doi. org/10.1007/s00003-019-01218-4
Aguilera-Luiz, M.M., Plaza-Bolaños, P., Romero-González, R., Vidal, J.M. and Frenich, A.G., 2011. Comparison of the efficiency of different extraction methods for the simultaneous determination of mycotoxins and pesticides in milk samples by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 399: 2863–2875. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-4670-7
Chen, L., Chen, J.F., Guo, Y., Li, J.R., Yang, Y.Q., Xu, L.J. and Fu, F.F., 2014. Study on the simultaneous determination of seven benzoylurea pesticides in Oolong tea and their leaching characteristics during infusing process by HPLC–MS/MS. Food Chemistry 143: 405–410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.027
Chen, Y., Guo, M., Liu, X., Xu, J., Dong, F., Wu, X., Li, B. and Zheng, Y., 2018. Determination and dissipation of afidopyropen and its metabolite in wheat and soil using QuEChERS– UHPLC–MS/MS. Journal of Separation Science 41: 1674–1681. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.201700773
Climent, M.J., Sánchez-Martín, M.J., Rodríguez-Cruz, M.S., Pedreros, P., Urrutia, R. and Herrero-Hernández, E., 2018. Determination of pesticides in river surface waters of Central Chile using SPE-GC-MS multi-residue method. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society 63: 4023–4031. https://doi. org/10.4067/s0717-97072018000204023
FAS Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) Database, 2019. Available at: https://www.fas.usda.gov/maximum-residue-limits-mrl-database: https://www.fas.usda.gov/maximum-residue-limits-mrl-database
Guan, W. and Zhang H., 2013. Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 93: 679–691. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2012 .684047
Hu, J., Deng, Z., Liu, C. and Zheng, Z., 2010. Simultaneous analysis of herbicide metribuzin and quizalofop-p-ethyl residues in potato and soil by GC-ECD. Chromatographia 72: 701–706. https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-010-1717-4
Hua, J., Fayyaz, A., Song, H., Tufail, M.R. and Gai, Y., 2019. Development of a method Sin-QuEChERS for the determination of multiple pesticide residues in oilseed samples. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 11: 511–516. https://doi. org/10.3920/QAS2019.1557
Khan, B.A., Farid, A., Asi, M.R., Shah, H. and Badshah, A.K., 2009. Determination of residues of trichlorfon and dimethoate on guava using HPLC. Food Chemistry 114: 286–288. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.08.092
Kinsella, B., Byrne, P., Cantwell, H., McCormack, M., Furey, A. and Danaher, M., 2011. Determination of the new anthelmintic monepantel and its sulfone metabolite in milk and muscle using a UHPLC–MS/MS and QuEChERS method. Journal of Chromatography B 879: 3707–3713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jchromb.2011.10.011
Kruve, A., Künnapas, A., Herodes, K. and Leito, I., 2008. Matrix effects in pesticide multi-residue analysis by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 1187: 58–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.01.077
Lehotay, S.J., 2007. Determination of pesticide residues in foods by acetonitrile extraction and partitioning with magnesium sulfate: collaborative study. Journal of Aoac International 90: 485–520. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/90.2.1SUP
Li, N., Lei, L., Nian, L., Zhang, R., Wu, S., Ren, R., Wang, Y., Zhang, H. and Yu, A., 2013. A modified QuEChERS method for the determination of some herbicides in yogurt and milk by high performance liquid chromatography. Talanta 105: 219–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2012.11.057
Lima, V.G., Campos, V.P., Santana, T.C., Santana, F.O. and Costa, T.A., 2017. Determination of agrochemical multi-residues in grapes. Identification and confirmation by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry. Analytical Methods 9: 5880–5889. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7AY01448A
Liu, S., Zheng, Z., Wei, F., Ren, Y., Gui, W., Wu, H. and Zhu, G., 2010. Simultaneous determination of seven neonicotinoid pesticide residues in food by ultraperformance liquid chroma-tography tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 58: 271–278. https://doi.org/10.1021/ jf904045j
Liu, Y.H., Chen, P.S. and Huang, S.D., 2017. Determination of diphenylether herbicides in water samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. Journal of AOAC International 100: 212–217. https://doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.16-0078
Lubomirsky, E., Padro, J.M. and Reta, M.R., 2016. Development of a dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction technique for the analysis of aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides in soy-based foods. Microchemical Journal 129: 63–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. microc.2016.06.015
Mantzos, N., Karakitsou, A., Zioris, I., Leneti, E. and Konstantinou, I., 2013. QuEChERS and solid phase extraction methods for the determination of energy crop pesticides in soil, plant and runoff water matrices. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 93: 1566–1584. https://doi. org/10.1080/03067319.2013.803282
Ocloo, F.C., Okyere, A.A. and Asare, I.K., 2014. Physicochemical, functional and pasting properties of flour produced from gamma irradiated tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.). Radiation Physics and Chemistry 103: 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. radphyschem.2014.05.010
Safarpour, H., Asiaie, R. and Katz, S., 2004. Quantitative analysis of imazamox herbicide in environmental water samples by capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 1036: 217–222. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.002
Shi, X.Z., Sun, A.L., Wang, Q.H., Hengel, M. and Shibamoto, T., 2018. Rapid multi-residue analysis of herbicides with endocrine-disrupting properties in environmental water samples using ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Chromatographia 81: 1071–1083. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-018-3530-4
Sikkema, P.H., Shropshire, C. and Soltani, N., 2009. Response of dry bean to preplant incorporated and pre-emergence applications of S-metolachlor and fomesafen. Crop Protection 28: 744–748. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2009.05.011
Stefano, V.D., Avellone, G., Bongiorno, D., Cunsolo, V., Muccilli, V., Sforza, S., Dossenac, A., Drahosd, L. and Vékey, K., 2012. Applications of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for food analysis. Journal of Chromatography A 1259: 74–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.023
Suganthi, A., Nikita, S.A., Kousika, J., Bhuvaneswari, K. and Sridharan, S., 2018. Determination of thiamethoxam residues in banana stem and fruit through LC-MS/MS. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 190: 293. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10661-018-6655-x
Wang, L., Huang, X., Wang, D., Chen, Y., Xu, D. and Zhou, Y., 2015. Determination of 32 sulfonylurea herbicide residues in sweet corns and green soybeans by QuEChERS-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Chinese Journal of Chromatography 33: 501–507. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1123.2014.12043
Yadav, R., Bhullar, M.S., Kaur, S., Kaur, T. and Jhala, A.J., 2017. Weed control in conventional soybean with pendimethalin followed by imazethapyr+ imazamox/quizalofop-p-ethyl. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 97: 654–664. https://doi.org/10.1139/ CJPS-2016-0123
Yagüe, C., Bayarri, S., Lázaro, R., Conchello, P., Ariño, A. and Herrera, A., 2001. Multiresidue determination of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in milk by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection after extraction by matrix solid-phase dispersion. Journal of AOAC International 84: 1561–1568. https://doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.5.1561
Zhang, Q., Zhu, L., Wang, J., Xie, H., Wang, J., Han, Y. and Yang, J., 2013. Oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in the earthworm Eisenia fetida induced by low doses of fomesafen. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 20: 201–208. https://doi. org/10.1007/s11356-012-0962-5
Zhao, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, L. and Zhang, D., 2019. Molecular identification of mung bean accessions (Vigna radiata L.) from northeast china using capillary electrophoresis with fluorescence- labeled SSR markers. Food and Energy Security 9: e182. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.182
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Published
Jul 10, 2020
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How to Cite
Tang, H., Qu, J., Cao, D., Wang, W., & Lou, Y. (2020). Determination of fomesafen and quizalofop-p-ethyl in beans using modified QuEChERS-HPLC-DAD. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods, 12(3), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v12i3.660
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Author Biography
W.S. Wang, College of Food Sciences, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China.
How to Cite
Tang, H., Qu, J., Cao, D., Wang, W., & Lou, Y. (2020). Determination of fomesafen and quizalofop-p-ethyl in beans using modified QuEChERS-HPLC-DAD. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods, 12(3), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.15586/qas.v12i3.660