Effect of micronutrients foliar supplementation on the production and eminence of plum (Prunus domestica L.)
Main Article Content
Keywords
consortia, foliar application, zinc, iron, boron, copper, plum, quality attributes, yield
Abstract
Poor soil fertility due to continuous depletion of micronutrients is a major problem for the production of Prunus domestica L. Low level of soil organic matter and calcareous parent material decrease the bioavailability of these micronutrients to plum plants. Thus, less micronutrients uptake resulted in deterioration of plum fruit quality and decreased yield. On the other hand, balance and correct combination of micronutrients used as a foliar has potential to overcome this problem. Foliar application method provides plants a chance for rapid and easy uptake of micronutrients. Therefore, the present research was carried out to select the best combination of micronutrients using foliar method. Aim of the study was to select a balanced combination of micronutrients for better production and improved quality of plum (Prunus domestica L., variety Fazal manai) fruit. Seven treatments in three replications were applied. Our results showed that the quality of fruit was significantly improved through the application of T6 micronutrients consortia. A significant increase in total soluble solids (16%), fruit yield per tree (92%) and fruit size (12%) validated the effectiveness of treatment T6 (Zn + Cu + Fe + Mn + B = 0.5% + 0.2% + 0.5% + 0.5% + 0.1%) over control. Application of treatment T6 also enhanced quality attributes, that is, juice acidity (22%), juice sugar (22%) and juice contents (16%), as compared to control. It is concluded that use of treatment T6 as a foliar application is a better approach for significant improvement in quality and yield attributes of plum in micronutrients deficient conditions.
References
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Awasthi, R.P. and Upadhayay, S.K., 1996. Correlation and regression analysis of nutrient status in soil and yield of starking delicious apple. Indian Journal of Horticulture 53(2): 93–96.
Bacha, M.A., Sabbah, S.M. and El-Hamady, M.A., 1997. Effect of foliar application of iron, zinc and manganese on yield, berry quality and leaf mineral composition Thompson seedless and Roomy red grape cultivars. Alexandria Journal of Agricultural Research (Egypt) 9(1): 127–140.
Balakrishnan, K., Rajendran, C. and Kulandaivelu, G., 2000. Differential responses of iron, magnesium, and zinc deficiency on pigment composition, nutrient content, photosynthetic activity in tropical fruit crops. Photosynthetica 38(3): 477–479. 10.1023/A:1010958512210
Belkhodja, R., Morales, F., Sanz, M., Abadía, A. and Abadía, J., 1998. Iron deficiency in peach trees: effects on leaf chlorophyll and nutrient concentrations in flowers and leaves. Plant and Soil 203(2): 257–268. 10.1023/A:1004373202458
Bibi, F., Ahmad, I., Bakhsh, A., Kiran, S., Danish, S., Ullah, H., 2019. Effect of Foliar Application of Boron with Calcium and Potassium on Quality and Yield of Mango cv. Summer Bahisht (SB) Chaunsa. Open Agriculture 4: 98–106. 10.1515/opag-2019-0009
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Dhillon, W.S. and Bindra, A.S., 1995. Effect of micro-nutrient sprays on the yield and quality of “Perlette”grapes. Indian Journal of Horticulture 52(1): 27–30.
Družić, J., Voća, S., Čmelik, Z., Družić, N., Duralija, B. and Skendrović Babojelić, M., 2007. Fruit quality of plum cultivars “Elena”and “Bistrica”. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 72(4): 307–310.
Deepa, S., N.K, Mishra., A.K. Singh and R.L. Lal. 2008. Effect of micronutrients on fruit yield and quality during storage in ber cv. Umran under ambient conditions Ind. J. Hort. 65(4): (http://www.indianjournals.com). Accessed on 1/21/2010
El-Sheikha, A.F., 2016. Mixing manure with chemical fertilizers, why? And what is after. Nutrition and Food Technology 2: 1–5. 10.16966/2470-6086.112
Farid, A.T.M., Halder, N.K. and Shahjahan, M., 2007. Effect of boron for correcting the deformed shape and size in Jackfruit. Indian Journal of Horticulture 64(2): 144–149.
Garcia, A., Haydar, N.E. and Ferrer, C., 1984. Influence of Zn and Mn on the physiological behavior and yields of Valencia oranges. Center Agricola. Instt. Superior Agricola Ciego de Avila Cuba 10: 57–58.
Gee, G.W. and Budr, J.W., 1982. Particle size analysis. In: Klute, A. (ed.) Methods of soil analysis. Physical and mineralogical prosperities,Part I, 2nd ed. Agron. 9 American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 383–411.
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Gregory, J.F., 1993. Ascorbic acid bioavailability in foods and supplements. Nutrition Reviews 51(10):301–303. 10.1111/j.1753-4887.1993.tb03059.x
Hipps, N.A. and Davies, M.J., 2001. Effects of foliar zinc applications at different times in the growing season on tissue zinc concentration, fruit set, yield and grade out of culinary apple trees. In: Neilsen, D., Fallahi, B., Neilsen, G. and Peryea, F. (eds.) VI International Symposium on Mineral Nutrition of Deciduous Fruit Crops, 30 October 2001, Penticon, BC, Canada, ISHS Acta Holticulturae No. 564, ISHA, Belgium.
Khattak, R.A. and Hussain, Z., 2007. Evaluation of soil fertility status and nutrition of orchards. Soil & Environment 26(1): 22–32.
Mann, M.S., Josan, J.S., Chohan, G.S. and Vij, V.K., 1985. Effect of foliar application of micronutrients on leaf composition, fruit yield and quality of sweet orange (Citrus Sinensis Osbeck) Cv. Blood Red. Indian Journal of Horticulture 42(1 and 2): 45–49.
Maurer, M.A. and Taylor, K.C., 1999. Effect of foliar boron sprays on yield and fruit quality of naval oranges. Available at: http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/crops/az1138. Accessed on 15 November 2006.
McGlasson, W.B., Rath, A.C. and Lengendre, L., 2004. Pre-harvest application of aminoethovinylglycine (AVG) modifies harvest maturity and cool storage life of “Artic Snow” nectarines. Postharvest Biology and Technology 36:93–102. 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2004.10.006
McLean, E.O., 1982. Soil pH and lime requirement. In: Page, A.L.., Miller, M.H. and Keeny, D.R. (eds.) Methods of soil analysis chemical and microbiological prosperities, Part II, Vol. 9 Agronomy, 2nd ed., American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 209–223.
Misra, R.S., Tawari, J.P. and Joshi, K.R., 1986. Effect of IBA, boron and catechol on the rooting on commercial cultivars of plum grown in UP hills. Progressive Horticulture Uttar pradesh, India.
More, S.D. and Kausadikar, H.K., 2006. Soil and leaf nutrients norms for sweet orange (Citrus Sinensis) grown in Marathwada region of Maharashtra. In: 18th World Congress of Soil Science, PA.
Muhammad, W., Shah, S.M. and Iqbal, M., 1995. Nutritional status of deciduous orchards (plums). Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 11(4):223–226.
Muradi, B. and Godara, A.K., 2020. Effect of foliar fertilization of boron, zinc and iron on fruit quality and leaf nutrients content of peach cv. Shan-e-Punjab. Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 39(1): 43–51. 10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i130479
Nelson, D.W. and Sommer, L.E., 1982. Total carbon and organic matter. In: Page, A.L.., Miller, M.H. and Kenny, D.R. (eds.) Methods of soil analysis chemical and microbiological prosperities, Part II, 2nd ed., Vol. 9 Agronomy, American Society of AgronomyInc., Madison, WI, pp. 539–577.
Plich, H. and Wojcik, P., 1999. The effect of calcium and boron foliar application on postharvest plum fruit quality. In: International Symposium on Foliar Nutrition of Perennial Fruit Plants, ISHS Acta Horticulture No. 594, ISHA, Belgium.
Porter, S.R., Spindler, S.C. and Widdowson, A.E., 1981. An improved automated colorimetric method for the determination of boron in extracts of soils, soil-less peat based compost, plant materials and hydroponics’ solutions with Azomethine-H. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 12: 461–473. 10.1080/00103628109367166
Ram, R.A. and Bose, T.K., 2000. Effect of foliar application of magnesium and micro nutrients on growth, yield and fruit quality of mandarin orange (Citrus reticulate). Indian Journal of Horticulture 57(3): 215–220.
Rehman, H., 1990. Survey of the fruit plants for nutrient-elements content and planning of fertilizer research programme. Annual Report, Directorate of Soil and Plant Nutrition. Agriculture Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Rhoades, J.D., 1982. Cation exchange capacity. In: Page, A.L., Miller, M.H. and Keeny, D.R. (eds.) Methods of soil analysis chemical and microbiological prosperities, Part II, 2nd ed., Vol. 9. Agronomy. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI, pp. 149–157.
Saatci, N. and Mur, B.Y., 2000. Relationships between the concentrations of iron, macro and micronutrients in satsuma mandarine leaves (Citrus reticulata Blanco). In: 9th International Symposium on Iron Nutrition and Interactions in Plants, Stuttgart, Germany, 20–25 July 1997. Journal of Plant Nutrition 23(11–12): 1745–1750. 10.1080/01904160009382138
Saini, H., Sourabh, V. and Saini, P., 2019. Differential responses of Fe, Zn, B, Cu and Mg on growth and quality attributes of fruit crops. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 8(5): 1–5.
Samant, D., Mishra, N.K., Singh, A.K. and Lal, R.L., 2008. Effect of micronutrient sprays on fruit yield and quality during storage in ber cv. Umran under ambient conditions. Indian Journal of Horticulture 65(4): 399–404.
Samar, S.M., Shahabian, M., Fallahi, E., Davoodi, M.H., Bagheri, Y.R. and Noorgholipoor, F., 2007. Iron deficiency of apple tree as affected by increasing soil available phosphorous. Journal of Plant Nutrition 30(1): 1–7. 10.1080/01904160601054742
Saraswathi, T., Thangaraj, T., Azhakiamanavalan, A.R.S. and Balakrishanamurthy, G., 1998. Effect of micronutrients on the yield and quality of mandarin orange (citrus reticulate L.). South Indian Journal of Horticulture 46: 128–131.
Sharma, R.K., Ram, K. and Thakur, S., 1991. Effect of foliar feeding of potassium, calcium and zinc on the yield and quality of guava. Indian Journal of Horticulture 48(4): 312–314.
Sharma, Y.M., Rathore, G.S. and Jesani, J.C., 1999. Effect of soil and foliar application of zinc and copper on yield and fruit quality of seedless lemon (Citrus lemon L.). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 69:236–238.
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