Ultrasound- and enzyme-assisted extraction of Moringa oleifera polysaccharides: bioactivity evaluation
Main Article Content
Keywords
anticoagulant activity, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activities, antiproliferative effect, M. oleifera, polysaccharides
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Moringa oleifera (PMS) leaves were extracted using neutrase (PMS-N) or savinase (PMS-S) enzymes combined with ultrasonic (US) treatment, and their biological activities were investigated. Both US time (10 min) and enzyme type positively influenced PMS yield, regardless of the enzyme used. Among the detected neutral sugars, xylose was the major monosaccharide in US-pretreated PMS, reaching 72% and 69% in PMS-S-US-10 and PMS-N-US-10, respectively. In addition, US-pretreated PMS exhibited the highest antioxidant capacities and significantly prolonged blood clotting period and reduced fibrinogen levels, accomplishing 0.7 g/L and 1.5 g/L, by the addition of PMS-S-US-10 and PMS-N-US-10, respectively. Antiproliferative assays revealed dose-dependent inhibition effect of PMS against two types of cancer cells, where PMS-S-US-10 displayed the highest inhibitory rates, reaching 96% and 99% (at 200 µg/mL) against K562 and Caco-2 cells, respectively.
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Ismail, M.M., and Amer, M.S., 2021. Characterization and biological properties of sulfated polysaccharides of Corallina officinalis and Pterocladia capillacea. Acta Botanica Brasilica 34(4): 623–632. 10.1590/0102-33062020abb0121
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Leong, Y.K., Yang, F.-C., and Chang, J.-S., 2021. Extraction of polysaccharides from edible mushrooms: emerging technologies and recent advances. Carbohydrate Polymers 251: 117006. 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117006
Li, P., Ma, X., and Huang, G. 2024. Understanding thrombosis: the critical role of oxidative stress. Hematology 29(1): 2301633. 10.1080/16078454.2023.2301633
Liao, N., Zhong, J., Ye, X., Lu, S., Wang, W., Zhang, R., Xu, J., Chen, S., and Liu, D., 2015. Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of polysaccharide from Corbicula fluminea: characterization and antioxidant activity. Food Science and Technology (LWT) 60(2): 1113–1121. 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.10.011
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Muhammad, H.I., Asmawi, M.Z., and Khan, N.A.K., 2016. A review on promising phytochemical, nutritional and glycemic control studies on Moringa oleifera Lam. in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 6(10): 896–902. 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.08.006
Noman, A., Qixing, J., Xu, Y., Abed, S.M., Obadi, M., Ali, A.H., AL-Bukhaiti, W.Q., and Xia, W., 2020. Effects of ultrasonic, microwave, and combined ultrasonic-microwave pretreatments on the enzymatic hydrolysis process and protein hydrolysate properties obtained from Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis). Journal of Food Biochemistry 44(8): e13292. 10.1111/jfbc.13292
Othman, K.B., Cherif, M.M., Assadi, I., Elfalleh, W., Khezami, L., Ghorbal, A., and Assadi, A.A., 2024. Exploring Cold plasma technology: enhancements in Carob seed germination, phytochemical composition, and antioxidant activity. Heliyon 10(8): e28966. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28966
Otu, P.N.Y., Osae, R., Abdullateef, M.T., Cunshan, Z., Xiaojie, Y., and Azumah, B.K., 2020. Characterization of Moringa oleifera leaf polysaccharides extracted by coupling ionic liquid separation system with ultrasound irradiation. Journal of Food Process Engineering 43(7): e13417. 10.1111/jfpe.13417
Padayachee, B., and Baijnath, H., 2020. An updated comprehensive review of the medicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Moringa oleifera. South African Journal of Botany, 129: 304-316. 10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.021
Palpperumal, S., Sabeen, K., Harinathan, B., Shankar, T., Kathiresan, D., Sivakumar, N., Sankaralingam, S., 2020. FT-IR analysis and total antioxidant capacity of crude polysaccharide isolated from the red algae Kappaphycus spp. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Educational Research 9: 77–85.
Rubio-Elizalde, I., Bernáldez-Sarabia, J., Moreno-Ulloa, A., Vilanova, C., Juárez, P., Licea-Navarro, A., and Castro-Ceseña, A.B., 2019. Scaffolds based on alginate-PEG methyl ether methacrylate-Moringa oleifera-Aloe vera for wound healing applications. Carbohydrate Polymers 206: 455–467. 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.018
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