Assessment of grain minerals of Turkish sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) landraces by GT biplot analysis
Main Article Content
Keywords
Turkey, macro element, micro element, correlations, breeding
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine grain micro (Zn, Fe, B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb) and macro (K, Mg, P, S, Ca, Na) elements of 164 Turkish sorghum landraces and cultivars. Sorghum grains were sown in incomplete blocks design in Kayseri in 2016. Correlation and genotype-trait (GT) biplot analyses were used to identify correlations among the traits and to identify the prominent genotypes. The highest positive correlations were observed among the micro elements of Fe, Zn, and Mn and between the macro elements of Mg and P and between K and Ca. The GT biplot graph generated for macro elements was able to explain 66.3% of total variation and the graph for micro elements explained 82.2% of total variation. Based on GT biplot analysis, 8 genotypes were selected for macro elements and 14 genotypes were selected for micro elements. Present findings clearly revealed that GT biplot analysis could reliably be used in selection of prominent genotypes.
References
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Woods, J., Hall, D.O., Muzondo, M.I., Gosse, G. and Soontorn-chainackseng, P., 1995. Bioethanol production from sweet sorghum: interchange of research and experience between EU and developing countries (Zimbabwe and Thailand). European Commission, Brussels, Belgium, pp. 1-74.
Yan, W., 2014. Crop variety trials: data management and analysis. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA, pp. 349.
Yan, W., Cornelius, P.L., Crossa, J. and Hunt, L.A., 2001. Two types of GGE Biplots for analyzing multi-environment trial data. Crop Science 41: 656-663.
Yan, W. and Fregeau-Reid, J., 2008. Breeding line selection based on multiple traits. Crop Science 48: 417-423.
Yan, W. and Kang, M.S., 2003. GGE Biplot analysis: a graphical tool for breeders, geneticists, and agronomists. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Yousif, A., Nhepera, D. and Johnson, S., 2012. Influence of sorghum flour addition on flat bread in vitro starch digestibility, antioxidant capacity and consumer acceptability. Food Chemistry 134: 880-887.
Zulfiqar, A.M. and Asim, M., 2002. Fodder yield and quality evaluation of the sorghum varieties. Pakistan Journal of Agronomy 1(2-3): 6-63.
Akcura, M. and Kokten, K., 2017. Variations in grain mineral concentrations of Turkish wheat landraces germplasm. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 9(2): 153-159.
Ashok-Kumar, A., Reddy, B.V.S., Sahrawat, K.L. and Ramaiah, B., 2010. Combating micronutrient malnutrition: identification of commercial sorghum cultivars with high grain iron and zinc. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research 8: 1-5.
Awika, J.M., Yang, L., Browning, J.D. and Faraj, A., 2009. Comparative antioxidant, antiproliferative and phase II enzyme inducing potential of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) varieties. LWT – Food Science and Technology 42: 1041-1046.
Carr, T.P., Weller, C.L., Schlegel, V.L., Cuppett, S.L., Guderian, D.M. and Johnson, K.R., 2005. Grain sorghum lipid extract reduces cholesterol absorption and plasma non-HDL cholesterol concentration in hamsters. Journal of Nutrition 135(9): 2236-2240.
Davidsson, L. and Nestel, P., 2004. Efficacy and effectiveness of interventions to control iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. International Nutritional Anemia Consultative Group, Washington, DC, USA.
Dehghani, H., Dvorak, J. and Sabaghnia, N., 2012. Biplot analysis of salinity related traits in beard wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Annals of Biological Research 3: 3723-3731.
Gosse, G., 1995. Rendement energetique et bilan de CO2 d’une culture. Comptes rendus de l’Académie d’Agriculture de France81(5): 93-107.
Hill, H., Lee, L.S. and Henry, R.J., 2012. Variation in sorghum starch synthesis genes associated with differences in starch phenotype. Food Chemistry 131: 175-183.
Kimber, C.T., 2000. Origins of domesticated sorghum and its early diffusion to India and China. In: Smith, C.W. and Frederiksen, R.A. (eds.) Sorghum: origin, history, technology, and production. Wiley Series in Crop Science, New York, NY, USA, pp. 3-96.
Li, R., Zhang, H., Zhou, X., Guan, Y., Yao, F., Song, G., Wang, J. and Zhang, C., 2010. Genetic diversity in Chinese sorghum landraces revealed by chloroplast simple sequence repeats. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 57: 1-15.
Martinol, H.S.D., Tomaz, P.A., Moraes, É.A., Conceição, I.L.L.D., Oliveira, D.D.S., Queiroz, V.A.V. and Ribeiro, S.M.R., 2012. Caracterização química e distribuição granulométrica de genótipos de sorgo para alimentação humana. Revista do Instituto Adolfo Lutz 71(2): 337-344.
Mertens, D., 2005. AOAC official method 975.03. Metal in plants and pet foods. In: Horwitz, W. and Latimer, G.W. (eds.) Official methods of analysis, 18th edition. AOAC-International, Gaitherburg, MD, USA.
Mohammadi, R. and Amri, A., 2011. Graphic analysis of trait relations and genotype evaluation in durum wheat. Journal of Crop Improvement 25(6): 680-696.
Monasterio, J.I., Palacios-Rojas, N., Meng, E., Pixley, K., Trethowan, R. and Pena, R.J., 2007. Enhancing the mineral and vitamin content of wheat and maize through plant breeding. Journal of Cereal Science 46(3): 293-307.
Moraes, E.A., Natal, D.I.G., Queiroz, V.A.V., Shaffert, R.E., Cecon, P.R. and Paula, S.O., 2012. Sorghum genotype may reduce low-grade inflammatory response and oxidative stress and maintains jejunum morphology of rats fed a hyperlipidic diet. Food Research International 49: 553-559.
Ozlu, H., Atasever, M.A., Gelen, S.U. and Atasever, M., 2012. Mineral contents and heavy metal contamination in kashar cheeses consumed in Erzurum province, Turkey. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University 18 (2): 205-208.
Paiva, C.L., Queiroz, V.A.V., Simeone, M.L.F., Schaffert, R.E., De Oliveira, A.C. and Da Silva, C.S., 2017. Mineral content of sorghum genotypes and the influence of water stress. Food Chemistry 214: 400-405.
Pontieri, P., Troisi, J., Di Fiore, R., Di Maro, A., Bean, S.R., Tuinstra, M.R., Roemer, E., Boffa, A., Del Giudice, A., Pizzolante, A., Alifano, P. and Del Giudicel, L., 2014. Mineral contents in grains of seven food-grade sorghum hybrids grown in a Mediterranean environment. Australian Journal of Crop Science 8(11): 1550-1559.
Rooney, W.L., 2004. Sorghum improvements-integrating traditional and new technology to produce improved genotypes. Advances in Agronomy 83: 37-109.
Rubio, J., Cubero, J.I., Martin, L.M., Suso, M.J. and Flores, F., 2004. Biplot analysis of trait relations of white lupin in Spain. Euphytica 135: 217-224.
Sehirali, S. and Ozgen, M., 1987. Bitki genetik kaynaklar?. Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
Shegro, A., Shargie, N.G., Van Biljon, A. and Labuschagne, M.T., 2012. Diversity in starch, protein and mineral composition of sorghum landrace accessions from Ethiopia. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology 15(4): 275-280.
Teixeira, F.F., Costa, F.M., De Oliveira Sábato, E., Leite, C.E.P., Meirelles, W.F., Guimarães, C.T. and Belicuas, S.N., 2013. Pré-melhoramento de milho quanto à resistência a enfezamentos. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 48(1): 51-58.
White, P.J. and Broadley, M.R., 2005. Biofortifying crops with essential mineral elements. Trends in Plant Science 10(12): 586-593.
Woods, J., Hall, D.O., Muzondo, M.I., Gosse, G. and Soontorn-chainackseng, P., 1995. Bioethanol production from sweet sorghum: interchange of research and experience between EU and developing countries (Zimbabwe and Thailand). European Commission, Brussels, Belgium, pp. 1-74.
Yan, W., 2014. Crop variety trials: data management and analysis. John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA, pp. 349.
Yan, W., Cornelius, P.L., Crossa, J. and Hunt, L.A., 2001. Two types of GGE Biplots for analyzing multi-environment trial data. Crop Science 41: 656-663.
Yan, W. and Fregeau-Reid, J., 2008. Breeding line selection based on multiple traits. Crop Science 48: 417-423.
Yan, W. and Kang, M.S., 2003. GGE Biplot analysis: a graphical tool for breeders, geneticists, and agronomists. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Yousif, A., Nhepera, D. and Johnson, S., 2012. Influence of sorghum flour addition on flat bread in vitro starch digestibility, antioxidant capacity and consumer acceptability. Food Chemistry 134: 880-887.
Zulfiqar, A.M. and Asim, M., 2002. Fodder yield and quality evaluation of the sorghum varieties. Pakistan Journal of Agronomy 1(2-3): 6-63.
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Published
Jun 19, 2019
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