Mechanical damage to navy beans as affected by moisture content, impact velocity and seed orientation
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Keywords
impact damage, impact velocity, moisture content, navy bean, seed orientation
Abstract
Introduction Mechanical damage of seeds due to harvest, handling and other process is an important factor that affects the quality of seeds. Objectives To evaluate the impact damage to navy bean seeds. Methods The study was conducted under laboratory conditions, using an impact damage assessment device. Independent variables were: seed moisture content (10, 12.5, 15, 17.5, 20, and 25% wet basis), impact velocity (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, and 15 m/s) and seed orientation (side and end). Results Impact velocity, moisture content and seed orientation were all significant at the 1% level on the physical damage in seeds. Increasing the impact velocity from 5 to 15 m/s caused an increase in the mean values of damage from 0.17 to 32.88%. The mean values of physical damage decreased significantly by 1.96 times (from 27.09 to 13.79%), with increase in the moisture content from 10 to 15%. However, by a higher increase in the moisture from 15 to 25%, the mean value of damage showed a non-significant increasing trend. It was found that the relationship between beans mechanical damage with moisture content and velocity of impact was non-linear and the percentage damage to seeds was a quadratic function of moisture content and impact velocity, respectively. Impact to the end of the seeds produced the higher damage (20.61%) than side of the seeds (11.14%). Conclusion To minimize physical damage to navy bean seeds, the impact velocity should be limited to 10 m/s or below. The optimum level of moisture, where impact damage was minimized, was about 15%.
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